Monday, June 19, 2017

APPRAISAL OF MEDIA STRUCTURE OF SELECTED NEWSPAPERS IN NIGERIA



CHAPTER ONE
     Introduction 
Background to the Study
Organizational structure is the pillar or foundation on which the apex (i.e. higher authority) of the chart and follow the organization structure this allows for management productivity.

The impact of mass media organization structure on the day-to-day activities of gathering, arranging, editing, publishing and disseminating of media product to the public differs from one media establishment to another. Whatever might be the nature of the establishment, there must be organization structure being the pillar on which ever establishment is to produce either goods or services at a profit. 

Wednesday, February 22, 2017

THE USE OF INTERNET IN PUBLIC RELATIONS AND ITS IMPACT ON THE PRACTICE OF PUBLIC RELATIONS

Introduction
The Internet began impacting on our ordinary lives only in the late 1990s, with the development of the World Wide Web (Gillies and Cailliau, 2000, Giovannetti, et’al., 2013). Since then, the Internet has been used extensively for accessing instantaneous information and communicating across geographical boundaries. Due to its characteristics of speed, efficiency and economy, the Internet began to be applied increasingly across industries ranging from retail and banking to the media (Giovannetti et al., 2013).
The emergence of social media in the new millennium gave the World Wide Web a new name, ‘Web 2.0’ (Breakenridge, 2018). Though social media has various definitions, in essence, it is a medium for people to collaborate and share content via Internet tools ranging from video-sharing, photo-sharing and blogs to social networking websites, virtual worlds and micro-blogs (Mersham, Theunissen and Peart, 2019).

THE ROLE OF MEDIA RELATIONS IN CORPORATE PUBLIC RELATIONS PRACTICE

Introduction
Media relations is the core activity in many public relations jobs (Wilcox, 2005). One of the participants of this study remarked, “Media relations has over the years become an increasingly significant profile and has added value to the business bottom-line”. To understand this strong link between the media and public relations, the researcher examined Grunig and Hunt (2014) view on how public relations originated.
According to the authors, in the constant effort to get free space in the media for their clients, press agents or publicists used every possible trick to take advantage of the newspapers and other media. This was called “flacking for space” (Grunig and Hunt). Although these press agents frequently got the publicity they sought, the authors indicate that the media and the public have never forgotten the press agentry origins of public relations. Hence, this explains why media relations is considered to be the most traditional, visible and prominent of all public relations functions.

THE MANAGEMENT OF INSURANCE COMPANIES TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT OF BUSINESS ENTERPRISES



CHAPTER ONE
1.0       INTRODUCTION
Life is full of risk and every human being is confronted with possibility that one day one of these hazards which form part of life may befall them because one financial loss or the other. The purpose of insurance is to indemnify the victims for the financial loss they might have suffered as a result of these risks. Risk is a concept that denotes a potential negative impact to an asset or some characteristic of value that may arise from some present process or future event. In everyday usage, "risk" is often used synonymously with the probability of a known loss. Paradoxically, a probable loss can be uncertain and relative in an individual event while having a certainty in the aggregate of multiple events (see risk vs. uncertainty below). Risk is the possibility of an event occurring that will have an impact on the achievement of objectives. Risk is measured in terms of impact and likelihood.

THE MANAGEMENT OF INSURANCE COMPANIES TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT OF BUSINESS ENTERPRISES



CHAPTER ONE
1.0       INTRODUCTION
Life is full of risk and every human being is confronted with possibility that one day one of these hazards which form part of life may befall them because one financial loss or the other. The purpose of insurance is to indemnify the victims for the financial loss they might have suffered as a result of these risks. Risk is a concept that denotes a potential negative impact to an asset or some characteristic of value that may arise from some present process or future event. In everyday usage, "risk" is often used synonymously with the probability of a known loss. Paradoxically, a probable loss can be uncertain and relative in an individual event while having a certainty in the aggregate of multiple events (see risk vs. uncertainty below). Risk is the possibility of an event occurring that will have an impact on the achievement of objectives. Risk is measured in terms of impact and likelihood.

THE IMPACT OF FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING ON THE CORPORATE PERFORMANCE OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATION



CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1       Background of the Study
The impact of financial reporting on the corporate performance of a business organization is becoming more apparent to user groups of a financial statement. Accounting is a not an exact science neither are business operations without some subjective and judgmental errors when it comes to reporting them. A financial reporting therefore is a document statement which informs the various interest groups to a business on the operations and performance of their business in a period under review its present state of affairs as well as its anticipated future, in accordance with the statutes. If a financial report is to service its purpose it ought to be characterized by the following.

INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS AND CONSUMERS PATRONAGE OF NIGERIAN BEVERAGE PRODUCTS



CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1       Background to the Study
The need for an organization to properly coordinate its marketing communications strategies in order to deliver a clear, consistent, credible and competitive message about itself and its product has become a challenge today for every result oriented firm. Effective marketing communications should therefore be an integral part of every efficient and result driven organization. How innovative and creative marketing communications practitioners are inappropriately combining, coordinating and efficiently using marketing communication tools will have great impact on their companies’ products/services and by extension, on such products’ market share. This again could pose serious challenge to competing companies across markets in the country.

Wednesday, January 4, 2017

MASS MEDIA CAMPAIGN TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC HARDSHIP OF PRESIDENT MUHAMMAD BUHARI'S REGIME

HOW TO GET/ORDER FOR APPROVED/COMPLETE PROJECT MATERIAL(S)
POSITIVE WORLD is an established multimedia and research organization for academic innovation, research resolution and updated research information and services. We offers you fresh and Updated Project Topics, Project Guide, Project Tips and Complete Project Materials for final year Students in Mass Communication, Journalism, Marketing, Advertising, Public Relations, Business Administration, Office Technology and Management, Computer Science, Accounting. Our Project materials covers Chapter One to Five (1-5), including Abstract, Table of Contents, References and Questionnaire/Coding Sheets, Content Categories where appropriate. We also analyse data using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS).

PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF MASS MEDIA AWARENESS OF PRESIDENT MUHAMMAD BUHARI CHANGE BEGINS WITH ME STATEMENT

HOW TO GET/ORDER FOR APPROVED/COMPLETE PROJECT MATERIAL(S)
POSITIVE WORLD is an established multimedia and research organization for academic innovation, research resolution and updated research information and services. We offers you fresh and Updated Project Topics, Project Guide, Project Tips and Complete Project Materials for final year Students in Mass Communication, Journalism, Marketing, Advertising, Public Relations, Business Administration, Office Technology and Management, Computer Science, Accounting. Our Project materials covers Chapter One to Five (1-5), including Abstract, Table of Contents, References and Questionnaire/Coding Sheets, Content Categories where appropriate. We also analyse data using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS).

MASS MEDIA AWARENESS OF PRESIDENT MUHAMMAD BUHARI'S CHANGE BEGINS WITH ME STATEMENT

HOW TO GET/ORDER FOR APPROVED/COMPLETE PROJECT MATERIAL(S)
POSITIVE WORLD is an established multimedia and research organization for academic innovation, research resolution and updated research information and services. We offers you fresh and Updated Project Topics, Project Guide, Project Tips and Complete Project Materials for final year Students in Mass Communication, Journalism, Marketing, Advertising, Public Relations, Business Administration, Office Technology and Management, Computer Science, Accounting. Our Project materials covers Chapter One to Five (1-5), including Abstract, Table of Contents, References and Questionnaire/Coding Sheets, Content Categories where appropriate. We also analyse data using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS).

MASS MEDIA ROLES ON SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC HARDSHIP IN NIGERIA CHANGE BEGINS WITH ME OF PRESIDENT MUHAMMAD BUHARI'S STATEMENT

Introduction

1.1       Background to the Study 

Mass media plays very important roles in the achievement of the Nigeria change agenda and national development proposed by the ruling party All Progressive Congress (APC) in the year 2015. The media in draconian states, for example, are not likely to exercise the same persuasion as those in autonomous societies. Nigeria is a fairly democratic country, however in democratic governments, factors, such as economic development, political changes, educational development, socialization, technological advancement, the intended audience and the message manipulates how far the mass media impacts on the society’s will.

APPRAISING THE IMPACT OF INTERNET AS RESEARCH TOOL FOR STUDENTS OF HIGHER LEARNING

Introduction

1.1       Background to the Study

In this age of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), the use of the internet has become the norms and culture in developing countries and Nigeria is not exempted from this trend. The craving from the internet stems from its central role in ICT with access to free online Journals, Magazines and other information resources anytime and anywhere for academic research.

Saturday, October 8, 2016

MASS COMMUNICATION PROJECT MATERIAL

THE ROLE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN SMALL SCALE ENTREPRENEURIAL DEVELOPMENT

INTRODUCTION
1.1       BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The post-independence Nigerian government adopted the entrepreneurship government which constrained it to assume the role of entrepreneur and the urge to offset the economic neglect of the colonial government and that resulted in engaging in ambitious industrialization programmes. When the Nigerian industrial Development Bank Limited (NIDB) was established in 1964 for the purpose of speeding up the industrialization process, its mandate was to promote industrial projects which were large enough to make applicable contribution to the national economy.

THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS IN EXPORT FINANCING IN NIGERIA

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1       Background to the Study
Financial institutions are organizations which deal basically in money. They constitute the financial framework of an economy. Financial institutions help to pool savings and excess liquidity from millions of individuals and firms within the country and make them available to those who need them for various purposes. 

THE ROLE OF MICROFINANCE BANKS IN THE ALLEVIATION OF POVERTY IN NIGERIA

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1       BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
A robust economic growth cannot be achieved without putting in place well focused programme to reduce poverty through empowering the people by increasing their access to factors of production.
The latent capacity of the poor for entrepreneurship would be significantly enhanced through the provision of microfinance services to enable them engage in economic activities and be more self-reliant, increase employment opportunities, enhance household income and create wealth. Micro-financing has existed for years before the introduction of conventional banking in Nigeria and the later part of nineteenth century. (Ekot, 2008)

LOAN GRANTING AND ITS RECOVERY PROBLEMS ON COMMERCIAL BANKS IN NIGERIA

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1       BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Virtually, every business has a credit relationship with a financial institution, especially banks. Some rely on periodic short term loans to finance temporary working capital needs. Others primarily use long-term loans to finance capital expenditure, new acquisitions or permanent increases in capital. Regardless of the type of loan, all credit request mandate a systematic analysis of the borrower‟s ability to repay as at when due.

Sunday, September 11, 2016

FINANCIAL IMPACT OF COMMERCIALIZATION ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY OF BROADCAST STATIONS IN NIGERIA

CHAPTER ONE
1.0       Introduction
1.1       Background to the Study
Media Finance is considered as a safest mode of media development and sustainability. This avenue of investment provides greater flexibility in making financial agreements and contracts, easily adjustable with the media objective and principles. It is noteworthy that media finance is not simply a matter of funds transfer from lender to borrower; it has multi-dimensional aspects. There are several related sources of income generation by media practitioners/organization these includes income generate from advertisement, public service announcement, airtime/airspace sales, and government subvention e.t.c

IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON CONFLICT RESOLUTION

CHAPTER ONE
1.0              Introduction                                                                                                              
1.1              Background to the Study
Modern Technology in communication is no doubt turned the entire world into a “Global Village”. But as it is, technology like two sides of a coin, bring with it both the negative and positive sides. It helps people to be better informed, enlightened, and keeping abreast with world developments. Technology exposes mankind to a better way of doing things.          Meanwhile, human history is characterized with conflict. What therefore differs is the approach or strategy adopted to resolve or manage a particular conflict situation. The effectiveness or otherwise of the management of conflict is itself largely depend on how the causes of the conflict have been understood and resolved. Okoh (2015).

IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON STUDENTS ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

CHAPTER ONE
Background to the Study
Modern Technology in communication no doubt has turned the entire world into a “Global Village”. But as it is, technology like two sides of a coin, bring with it both the negative and positive sides. It helps people to be better informed, enlightened, and keeping abreast with world developments. Technology exposes mankind to a better way of doing things.

Saturday, September 3, 2016

IMPACT OF EDUCATIONAL POLICY OF GOVERNOR AREGBESOLA’S GOVERNMENT ON STUDENTS IN OSUN STATE


Chapter One

1.0       Introduction

1.1       Background to the Study   

The word Education could be defined in various ways.  In a very broad sense, education could be defined to include every agency which enables an individual to master his physical and social environment of which he is a member, it could be defined as an act of teaching, bringing up, instructing or enlightening.

Sunday, August 28, 2016

THE IMPACT OF FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING ON THE CORPORATE PERFORMANCE OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATION

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1       Background of the Study
The impact of financial reporting on the corporate performance of a business organization is becoming more apparent to user groups of a financial statement. Accounting is a not an exact science neither are business operations without some subjective and judgmental errors when it comes to reporting them. A financial reporting therefore is a document statement which informs the various interest groups to a business on the operations and performance of their business in a period under review its present state of affairs as well as its anticipated future, in accordance with the statutes. If a financial report is to service its purpose it ought to be characterized by the following.

THE MANAGEMENT OF INSURANCE COMPANIES TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT OF BUSINESS ENTERPRISES


CHAPTER ONE
1.0       INTRODUCTION
Life is full of risk and every human being is confronted with possibility that one day one of these hazards which form part of life may befall them because one financial loss or the other. The purpose of insurance is to indemnify the victims for the financial loss they might have suffered as a result of these risks. Risk is a concept that denotes a potential negative impact to an asset or some characteristic of value that may arise from some present process or future event. 

INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS AND CONSUMERS PATRONAGE OF NIGERIAN BEVERAGE PRODUCTS

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1       Background to the Study
The need for an organization to properly coordinate its marketing communications strategies in order to deliver a clear, consistent, credible and competitive message about itself and its product has become a challenge today for every result oriented firm. Effective marketing communications should therefore be an integral part of every efficient and result driven organization. How innovative and creative marketing communications practitioners are inappropriately combining, coordinating and efficiently using marketing communication tools will have great impact on their companies’ products/services and by extension, on such products’ market share. This again could pose serious challenge to competing companies across markets in the country.

INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS AND CONSUMERS PATRONAGE OF NIGERIAN BEVERAGE PRODUCT


CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1       Background to the Study
The need for an organization to properly coordinate its marketing communications strategies in order to deliver a clear, consistent, credible and competitive message about itself and its product has become a challenge today for every result oriented firm. Effective marketing communications should therefore be an integral part of every efficient and result driven organization. How innovative and creative marketing communications practitioners are inappropriately combining, coordinating and efficiently using marketing communication tools will have great impact on their companies’ products/services and by extension, on such products’ market share. This again could pose serious challenge to competing companies across markets in the country.

THE MANAGEMENT OF INSURANCE COMPANIES TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT OF BUSINESS ENTERPRISES

CHAPTER ONE
1.0       INTRODUCTION
Life is full of risk and every human being is confronted with possibility that one day one of these hazards which form part of life may befall them because one financial loss or the other. The purpose of insurance is to indemnify the victims for the financial loss they might have suffered as a result of these risks. Risk is a concept that denotes a potential negative impact to an asset or some characteristic of value that may arise from some present process or future event. In everyday usage, "risk" is often used synonymously with the probability of a known loss. 

INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS AND CONSUMERS PATRONAGE OF NIGERIAN BEVERAGE PRODUCTS

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1       Background to the Study
The need for an organization to properly coordinate its marketing communications strategies in order to deliver a clear, consistent, credible and competitive message about itself and its product has become a challenge today for every result oriented firm. Effective marketing communications should therefore be an integral part of every efficient and result driven organization. How innovative and creative marketing communications practitioners are inappropriately combining, coordinating and efficiently using marketing communication tools will have great impact on their companies’ products/services and by extension, on such products’ market share. This again could pose serious challenge to competing companies across markets in the country.

Saturday, August 27, 2016

PERCEPTION OF READERS ON THE USAGE OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGE IN PRINT MEDIA IN NIGERIA

CHAPTER ONE
1.0       Introduction
1.1       Background to the Study
The Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English defines language as “the system of expression by means of words” a particular system of words as used by a people or nation, or “a system of signs, movements and so on used to express meanings or feelings” or “a particular style or manner of expression such as in poetic language”.

Thursday, August 18, 2016

EVALUATION OF VALUE FOR MONEY AUDIT AS A TOOL FOR FRAUD CONTROL IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1       BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Every sector of the economy both the private and the public sector has its own objectives and goals to achieve. For the public sector of the economy, their goal is to satisfy the social needs of the citizens and in the effort to achieve these purposes, auditing more often, play a vital role.
The size and scope of these sectors have sometimes made it clear for the executor to exercise personal and first hand supervision of operation. It is in this light that value for money audit established by management is initiated, for any organization to carry out its business efficiently and effectively, there must be some factors that must be put in place for the smooth running of the organization like materials, machines, human labor and money e. t. c.

EVALUATION OF FRAUD CONTROL MEASURES IN THE NIGERIAN BANKING SECTOR

CHAPTER ONE
1.0              Introduction
1.1       Background to the Study
Fraud is an intentional deception made for personal gain or to damage another individual. Fraud is a crime and a civil law violation. Defrauding people of money is presumably the most common type of fraud. Customers of banks are currently experiencing increase in fraud schemes. Scams to get a customer personal information can occur through many different means such as e-mail and telephone.
Bank fraud is the use of fraudulent means to obtain money, assets, or other property owned or held by a financial institution. In many instances, bank fraud is a criminal offence, while the specific element of a particular banking fraud law varies between jurisdictions; the term bank fraud applies to actions that employ a scheme as opposed to bank robbery or theft.

ENHANCING CORPORATE ACCOUNTABILITY THROUGH EFFECTIVE AUDIT SYSTEM

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1              Background to the Study
Accountability in both public and private section has being an issue that is worth discussing due to its paramount and colossal impact to the overall performance of an organization. It (Accountability) has to do with reporting back action, task carried out by an individual to the authority who apportioned such function.
Accountability is the process or act of reporting back to a higher authority, body or individual the actions taken by a steward. It enables the person or persons reported to determine if the steward has acted or performed the assigned duties properly and satisfactory. It plays a major role in the success or failure of any business, particularly when the business is not managed by its owner.

EFFECTS OF STANDARD COSTING ON THE PROFITABILITY OF MANUFACTURING COMPANIES

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1       BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The effect of standard of standard costing on profitability has been a problem to manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The standard costing as a tool for either improving or not improving profitability. Unlike its contemporaries in the field of science, it deals with human beings and calculation significant information.
Lucey (2012) defines standard costing as a technique which establishes pre-determined cost estimates of the cost of products and services and then compares these pre-determined costs with actual costs as they incurred. Standard cost represent am estimated or pre-determines total cost of product per unit for an organization. Adeniji (2019) argues that the process of estimating the total cost of production per unit is described as standard costing technique.

EFFECTS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ON THE EFFICIENCY OF TAX ADMINISTRATION IN NIGERIA

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
Taxation is one of the oldest and major sources of government revenue. The history of taxation in Nigeria dates back to the pre-colonial era. During this period, there were different systems of taxation existing in the forms of compulsory services, contribution of goods, money, labour and the likes, among the various kingdoms and ethnic groups and tribes controlled by the Obas, Emirs etc., in order to sustain the Monarch and also for community development (ICAN,2010)

EFFECTIVENESS OF INVENTORY MANAGEMENT IN A MANUFACTURING COMPANY

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1       BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Inventory is one of the resources that are managed by business organizations and it was first recorded in 1601. The need for inventory control cannot be overemphasized as it is a means for improving the performance of manufacturing industries. Inventory can be defined as a record of a business current assets including property owned, merchandise on hand and the value of work in progress and work complete but not sold and it is classified as a current asset because it can be turned into liquid cash within a short period of time. Inventory has created a great impact on the profitability of the manufacturing firm which resulted to the deep research of this topic. Effectiveness of inventory management in a manufacturing company.

EFFECTS OF BUDGETING AND BUDGETARY CONTROL IN EXTRACTING INDUSTRY

CHAPTER ONE
1.1  Background to the Study
Today the important of budget and budgetary control can never be over emphasized. Thus for survival of any oil cooperation, management need to embark on budget to effect proper planning and control. In this view, budgeting can be seen as a process of planning and control. Proper budgeting can never affect efficient plans of an organization without control. Control as it were is an important tool which must be priced to keep in check with the plans of the firms and for correction of any deviation from the stipulated plan of the organization in question.

EFFECTIVENESS OF PRICING POLICY AND PROFIT PLANNING IN NIGERIAN ORGANIZATIONS

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1              BACK GROUND OF THE STUDY

In modern economies, prices are generally expressed in units of some form of currency. Although, prices could be quoted as quantities of other goods and services (BARTER SYSTEM). Prices are sometimes quoted in terms of vouchers such as trading stamps. Price sometimes refers to the quantity of payment requested by a seller of goods or services rather than the actual payment amount.

EFFECT OF STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT PROGRAMME ON ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES



CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1              BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Before the “Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP)” can be clearly defined, one must have a better understanding of the situation into which it was introduced. At the conclusion of a Debate/Symposium on “Devaluation” held in 1982 at the Institute of International Affairs, the consensus emerged that the economic problem of Nigeria was structural.
The intention of SAP is to adjust the structure of the Nigerian economy, but what is the structure of the economy and why does it need adjustment? The relevant dictionary meaning of the word “structure” is “the arrangement or interrelation of all part of a whole”.
At the summary of overall economic level which the economist call “The macro level”, the structure f the economy is its composition as seen through the shares or proportion of the various component parts or economic aggregated, in the total sum of goods and services produced in a period usually a year.
Therefore, the structure of the economy is shown by the shares of the various economic sectors in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Just like any other theory, accountants have discovered that they need to make certain assumption before they can prepare financial statements. These assumptions, which underline the preparation of financial statements, are also known as principles, postulates, conventions, concepts, and standards etc. The origination from such concepts as entity, going-concern, periodicity realisation, matching, consistency and historical cost concept.
They have been described as the basic points of agreement upon which the preparation of financial statement are based. They act as filters in the process of preparing financial statement and therefore assist immensely in selecting data to be processed and also indicating the processing method and thereby affecting the final result.
Accounting Principles are usually rules and conventions, which have been adopted as a general guide to action by the accountancy profession. These principles are formulated in such a way that the practical details of accounting may differ greatly from one company to another. To ensure acceptance, an accounting principle must be useful in coping with a practical recording problem, it must be reasonably objective, that is, provide a similar answer in the hands of qualified practitioners, and it must be feasible, that is, it should not be expensive to apply.
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